Shipping has multiple meanings. It can be a physical process of transporting goods and cargo, by land, air, and sea. It also can describe the movement of objects by ship.
Land or "ground" shipping can be by train or by truck. In Air and Sea shipments, ground transportation is often still required to take the product from its origin to the airport or seaport and then to its destination. Ground transportation is typically more affordable than air shipments, but more expensive than shipping by sea.
Shipment of freight by trucks, directly from the shipper to the destination, is known as a door to door shipment. Vans and trucks make deliveries to sea ports and air ports where freight is moved in bulk.
Much shipping is done aboard actual ships. An individual nation's fleet and the people that crew it are referred to its merchant navy or merchant marine. Merchant shipping is essential to the world economy, carrying the bulk of international trade. The term shipping in this context originated from the shipping trade of wind power ships, and has come to refer to the delivery of cargo and parcels of any size above the common mail of letters and postcards.
Terms of shipment
Common trading terms used in shipping goods internationally include:
- Freight on board, or free on board (FOB) - the exporter delivers the goods at the specified location (and on board the vessel). Costs paid by the exporter include load and lash, including securing cargo not to move in the ships hold, protecting the cargo from contact with the double bottom to prevent slipping, and protection against damage from condensation. For example, at Kunming Airport, FOB means that the exporter delivers the goods to the airport, and pays for the cargo to be loaded and secured on the plane. The exporter is bound to deliver the goods at his cost and expense. In this case, the freight and other expenses for outbound traffic is borne by the importer.
- Cost and freight (C&F, CFR, CNF): Insurance is payable by the importer, and the exporter pays the ocean shipping/air freight costs to the specified location. For example, C&F Los Angeles (the exporter pays the ocean shipping/air freight costs to Los Angeles). Many of the shipping carriers (such as UPS, DHL, FEDEX) offer guarantees on their delivery times. These are known as GSR guarantees or "guaranteed service refunds"; if the parcels are not delivered on time, the customer is entitled to a refund.
- Cost, insurance, and freight (CIF): Insurance and freight are all paid by the exporter to the specified location. For example, at CIF Los Angeles, the exporter pays the ocean shipping/air freight costs to Los Angeles including the insurance).
- The term "best way" generally implies that the shipper will c hoose the carrier who offers the lowest rate (to the shipper) for the shipment. In some cases, however, other factors, such as better insurance or faster transit time will cause the shipper to choose an option other than the lowest bidder.
This is a list of the world's ship operating companies listed alphabetically by continent and country. This list includes companies both operating now and in the past.
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Africa
Algeria
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
Ghana
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
Kenya
- Ascope Shipping Services.
Egypt
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- El Salam Maritime Transport
Morocco
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- COMANAV
- Limadet
Nigeria
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
South Africa
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- Safmarine (South African Marine Corporation)
Tanzania
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- Bongo Trader Shipping Co Ltd
Americas
Canada
- Algoma Central Marine
- BC Ferries
- Canadian National Steamships
- CP Ships
- Canada Steamship Lines Inc.
- Coopérative de transport maritime et aérien (CTMA)
- Lower Lakes Towing
- Incan Marine
- Northern Cruise
- Northern Navigation Company
- Upper Lakes Shipping
- Voyageur Marine Transport
- Vanguard Shipping
- Transport Groupe Desgagnes
- Atlantic Towing
Chile
- Compañía Sud Americana de Vapores (CSAV)
Costa Rica
- Altamar Shipping
Greenland
- Arctic Umiaq Line
Mexico
- Transportación Marítima de California
- Baja Ferries
- Linea Peninsular
- Sematur
- Transbordadores
Panama
- Home Lines
United States
- Action Pack And Ship
- Aker American Shipping
- American Line
- American Palestine Line
- Atlantic Transport Line
- Carnival Cruise Lines
- Disney Cruise Lines
- Global Container Lines
- Independent Container Line Ltd. (ICL)
- Ingram Barge Company
- Interlake Steamship Company
- International Mercantile Marine Co.
- Lake Express
- Landmark Shipping Company
- Los Angeles Steamship Company
- Matson Navigation Company
- Moore McCormack Lines
- Neptune Steamship Company
- Panama Pacific Line
- Princess Cruises
- Red Star Line
- Robert Kermits Red Star Line
- Royal Caribbean
- Staten Island Ferry
- Titan International Shipping
- TransAtlantic Lines LLC
- United American Lines
Asia
China
- COSCO
- China Shipping Container Lines (CSCL)
- Hong Kong
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- Orient Overseas Container Line (OOCL)
- Sinotrans
- Emirates Shipping L
- India
- Great Eastern Shipping Co.
- Marinetrans India Pvt. Ltd.
- Mercator Lines
- New Patiala Transport Co.
- Shipping Corporation of India
- West Asia Maritime
Indonesia
- [SAMUDERA INDONESIA GROUP,TBK]
- Bumi Laut Group
- PT Meratus Line
- Samudera Shipping Service
Israel
- Zim Integrated Shipping Services
Japan
- Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha (K Line)
- Mitsui O.S.K. Lines (MOL)
- Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK)
- Meiji Shipping Group (MS)
Kuwait
- United Arab Shipping Company
Qatar
- QATAR SHIPPING COMPANY Q.S.C Malaysia
- MISC Berhad
alam maritim Bumi armada
Pakistan
- Pakistan National Shipping Corporation
Saudi Arabia
- National Shipping Company of Saudi Arabia (NSCSA)
Singapore
- Anson Marine International
- Samudera Shipping Line Pte Ltd[2]
- American President Lines (APL)
- Neptune Orient Lines (NOL)
- Pacific International Lines (PIL)
- OceanBlu Shipping (S) Pte Ltd
- Nautiqo Maritime Agency Pte Ltd South Korea
- SINOKOR LINE - SKR
- Hanjin
- Hyundai Merchant Marine (HMM)
Taiwan
- Evergreen Marine
- Yang Ming
- Wan Hai Lines
Turkey
- Istanbul Fast Ferries
- Turkish Marmara Lines
- TURKON LINE
- CAYENNE MARITIME S.A
Australasia
Australia
- TT-line
- Patrick Shipping
- Toll Shipping
- Australian National Lines
- DiscountSeaFreight
New Zealand
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- Union Company or Union Steam Ship Company (USS Co), Union Line (later British owned)
- New Zealand Line (later British owned)
- The Interislander
- Bluebridge
- Foytt Shipping
- Top Cat (defunct)
- Fullers Ferries
Europe
Belgium
- Compagnie Maritime Belge (Lloyd Royal)
- Oostende Lines
- Overseas Containers Limited
- Red Star Line
Bulgaria
- Balkan and Black Sea Shipping (UK-based)
- Navibulgar
Croatia
- Atlantska plovidba
- Lošinjska plovidba
- Tankerska plovidba
- Jadroplov
Denmark
- Alcatel Submarine Networks Marine A/S
- A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S
- Maersk Line
- Maersk Sealand
- Youship
- Arctic Umiaq Line A/S
- A/S Dampskibsselskabet Torm
- Atlas Shipping A/S
- Bornholmstrafikken
- Bugser og Bjergning Danmark AS
- Camillo Eitzen & Co ASA
- Clipper Group A/S
- Corral Line
- Dampskibsselskabet Norden A/S
- Dannebrog Rederi A/S
- Dansk Rederi A/S
- DFDS
- Difko Selskaberne
- DONG Energy Generation A/S
- East Asiatic Company
- Fabricius Marine A/S
- J. Lauritzen A/S
- Mols Linien
- North Atlantic Lines Operation A/S
- Olau Line
- O.W. Bunker & Trading A/S
- Rederiet Erik Winther
- Rederiet Otto Danielsen
- RN Dredging B.V.
- Royal Arctic Line A/S
- Scandlines
- SvitzerWijsmuller A/S
- Tankskibsrederiet Herning A/S
- T.K.B. Shipping A/S
- Unifeeder A/S
- Vattenfall Danmark
Faroe Islads
- Smyril Line
Finland
- Birka Line
- Bore Steamship Company
- Botnia Link
- Delfin Cruises
- Eckerö Line
- Eckerö Linjen
- Effoa
- Finland Line
- Finnlines
- Folkline
- Jakob Lines
- KG-Line
- Kristina Cruises
- Nordic Jet Line
- Rederi Ab Sally
- RG Line
- Sally Cruise
- Sally Line UK
- SeaWind Line
France
- Brittany Ferries
- CMA CGM
- Compagnie Générale Transatlantique
- Compagnie Navigation du Sud-Atlantique
- Corsica Ferries
- Delmas
- Emeraude Lines
- LD Lines
- Messageries Maritimes
- SNCM
- SeaFrance
- Société Francaise de Transports Pétroliers
Germany
- Africa Shipping
- Deutsche Atlantik Line
- Elbe Ferries
- Ernst Russ
- Euroseabridge
- German-East Africa Line
- German Tanker Shipping
- Hamburg Atlantik Line
- Hamburg America Line (HAPAG)
- Hamburg Süd
- Hanseatic Tours
- Hapag-Lloyd
- North German Lloyd
- Phoenix Reisen
- Poseidon Schiffahrts
- Prinzen Line
- Reederei Peter Deilmann
- TT-Line
Greece
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- AMNEZ
- ANEK Lines
- ANEZ Lines
- Arkadia Line
- Blue Star Ferries
- Carras Group
- Ceres Hellenic Shipping Enterprises
- Chandris Lines
- DANE Sea Line
- Efthymiades Lines
- Endeavor Lines
- Epirotiki Lines
- European Seaways
- Fast Ferries
- Five Star Lines
- Fraglines Ferries
- G.A. Ferries
- Greek Line
- Hellenic Mediterranean Lines
- Hellenic Seaways
- Iolcos Hellenic Maritime Enterprises Co. Ltd.
- Superfast Ferries
- Ulysses Line
Iceland
- Atlantsskip
- Eimskip
- Hafskip
- Nesskip
- Samskip
- Víkur
Ireland
- B&I Line
- Fastnet Line
- Irish Ferries
- Norse Merchant Ferries
- Swansea Cork Ferries
Italy
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- Bluvia
- CAREMAR
- Caronte Shipping
- Costa Crociere
- Cosulich Line
- Gruppo Grimaldi
- Home Lines
- Ignazio Messina
- Italian Line
- Lauro Line
- Lloyd Triestino
- Maritime Way
- Moby Lines
- MSC Cruises
- Siosa Lines
- SNAV
- Starlauro Cruises
- Tirrenia di Navigazione
Latvia
- Rīgas Jūras Līnija
Lithuania
- LISCO
Netherlands
- Holland America Line
- Netherland Line (Royal Dutch Mail)
- Norfolkline
- Royal Rotterdam Lloyd
- Stoomvaart Maatschappij Zeeland (SMZ)
Norway
- Belships
- Bergen Line
- Bergesen Worldwide
- Borgestad
- Bourbon Offshore
- Color Line
- Det Stavangerske Dampskibsselskab
- Deep Ocean
- Eidsiva Rederi
- Farstad Shipping
- Fosen Trafikklag
- Finnmark Fylkesrederi
- Fjord1
- Fjord Line
- Flagship Cruises
- Fred. Olsen & Co.
- Fred. Olsen Cruise Lines
- Fred. Olsen Lines
- Frontline Ltd.
- Fylkesbaatane
- GC Rieber Shipping
- Golar LNG
- Green Reefers
- Grieg Shipping
- Havila Shipping
- Helgelandske
- Hurtigruten
- Hoegh, Leif & Co
- Interocean Line
- Jahre Line
- Kristian Jebsens Rederi
- Kloster Cruise
- Knutsen OAS Shipping
- Kystlink
- Larvik Line
- Master Ferries
- Møre og Romsdal Fylkesrederi
- Namsos Trafikkselskap
- Norway Line
- Norwegian America Line
- Norwegian Cruise Line
- Odfjell
- Einar Rasmussen
- Royal Viking Line
- Skaugen, I.M.
- Stolt-Nielsen
- Thoresen Car Ferries
- Tide
- Torghatten Trafikkselskap
- Solvang
- Solstad Offshore
- Star Shipping
- Stavangerske
- Westfal-Larsen
- Viking Supply Ships
- Wilhelmsen Lines
- Wilson
- Ostensjøs Rederi
Poland
- Euroafrica
- Polferries
- Polish Ocean Lines
- Unity Line
- Zegluga Gdanska
Portugal
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- Portline
- Porto Santo Line
Romania
- Histria Shipmanagement
- Navrom
- Serviciul Maritim Român
Russia
- Baltic Line
- SovComFlot
- Primorsk Shipping Corporation
- St. Petersburg Shipping
- Volgotanker
- Fesco
Former Soviet Union
- Azov Shipping Company
- Baltic Shipping Company
- Black Sea Shipping Company (BLASCO)
- Caspian Shipping Company
- Estonian Shipping Company (ESCO)
- Far East Shipping Company (FESCO)
- Georgian Shipping Company
- Kamchatka Shipping Company
- Latvian Shipping Company
- Lithuanian Shipping Company
- Murmansk Shipping Company
- Northern Shipping Company
- Novorossiysk Shipping Company
- Primorsk Shipping Company
- Sakhalin Shipping Company
- Soviet Danube Shipping Company
- Sovtorgflot
Slovenia
- Splošna plovba
Spain
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- ARMAS
- Balearia Eurolines
- Compañía Transatlántica Española
- Euroferrys
- Lineas Fred. Olsen
- Acciona Transmediterranea
Sweden
- Ahlmark Lines
- Atlantic Container Line
- Broström
- Destination Gotland
- Donsötank
- Euroway
- Furetank
- Gamla Stans Rederi AB
- Gotlandslinjen
- Johnson Line
- Lion Ferry
- Nordström & Thulin
- Nordö Link
- Rederi AB Slite
- Rederi AB Svea
- Sessan Line
- Stena Line
- Sirius Rederi
- Swedish America Line
- Swedish Lloyd
- Swedish Orient Line
- Tor Line
- Transatlantic
- Trave Line
- Veritas ankers
- Wallenius Lines
- Waxholmsbolaget
- Ålandspilen
- Ånedin Linjen
Switzerland
- Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC)
United Kingdom
- Ascope Shipping Services.
- Ascope Shippers UK.
- Andrew Weir
- Alexander Shipping Company
- Alva Steamship Company
- Anchor Line
- Asiatic Steam Navigation Company
- Athel Line
- Atlantic Steam Navigation Company
- BP Shipping
- Bank Line
- Belfast Steamship Company
- Ben Line
- Bibby Line
- Blue Funnel Line
- Blue Star Line
- Bolton Steam Shipping Company
- Booker Line
- Booth Line
- Bowring Steamship Company
- Bristol City Line
- Britain Steamship Company
- British India Line
- British Railways
- Brocklebank Line
- Buries Markes Limited
- Burnett Steamship Company
- Burns & Laird Lines
- Cable & Wireless Limited
- Caledonian MacBrayne
- Canadian Pacific Line
- Chapman & Willan Limited
- China Navigation Company
- City Line
- Clan Line
- Coast Lines
- Cory Line
- Court Line
- Cunard Line
- Currie Line
- Dominion Line
- Donaldson Line
- Eastern & Australian Steamship Company
- Elder Dempster Line
- Ellerman Line
- Ellerman & Bucknall Line
- Ellerman & Papayanni Line
- Ellerman's Wilson Line
- F T Everard & Sons Limited
- Federal Steam Navigation Company
- Wm France, Fenwick & Company Limited
- Furness-Bermuda Line
- Furness Lines
- Fyffes Line
- Geest Line
- General Steam Navigation Company
- Isle of Man Steam Packet Company
- Jamaica Banana Priducers Steamship Company
- Johnston Warren Lines
- King Line
- Lambert Brothers Limited
- Lamport & Holt Line
- Larrinaga Steamship Company
- Loch Line
- London & Overseas Freighters
- Lyle Shipping Company
- MacAndrews & Company Limited
- David MacBrayne Limited
- Manchester Liners
- Metcalf Motor Coasters Limited
- Metcalfe Shipping Company
- Monarch Steamship Company
- Moss Hutchinson Line
- New Zealand Shipping Company
- Normandy Ferries
- North of Scotland, Orkney & Shetland Shipping Company
- North Yorkshire Steamship Company
- Ocean Village
- Ore Carriers Limited
- Orient Steam Navigation Company
- P&O Ferries
- P&O Nedlloyd
- Pacific Steam Navigation Company
- Palm Line
- Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company
- Port Line
- Prince Line
- Sir William Reardon Smith & Son Limited
- Red Funnel Steamers Limited
- Red Star Line
- Ropner Shipping Company
- Royal Fleet Auxiliary
- Royal Mail Lines
- Christian Salvesen & Company Limited
- SeaContainers
- Shaw, Savill & Albion Line
- Silver Line
- Stephenson Clarke Limited
- Strick Line
- Surrey Shipping Company Limited
- Swan Hellenic
- Thomson Cruises
- Townsend Bros. Ferries
- Townsend Thoresen
- Tyne-Tees Steamship Company
- Ulster Steamship Company
- Union-Castle Line
- United Steamship Company Limited
- White Star Line
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